It used to be possible to be an educated generalist — to know a lot of things about a lot of subjects. Individuals who succeeded in mastering knowledge in a range of areas, such as music, painting, architecture, and science were referred to as a Renaissance man , in reference to individuals like Leonardo DaVinci. On another level, tradesmen who were able to master more than one craft or trade were known as a Jack of All Trades.
Today, specialization is the norm. Doctors, educators, engineers, scientists, even lawyers are forced to choose a narrow field of study if they ever hope to be considered experts. This is because research and knowledge continues to accumulate more and more information about each field. Lawyers, for example, still need to understand the basic principles of jurisprudence and the legal process, but if they don’t specialize, they won’t be as successful in helping their clients.
In smaller communities, where there is less demand for lawyers, there are still “country lawyers” who can handle divorce cases as easily as business contracts and still appear in criminal court. However, in larger cities it is essential for lawyers to focus on one subject. Good social security disability attorneys aren’t going to be much help in a trademark case and personal injury lawyers won’t be familiar with the nuances of estate law and will only be nominally helpful drafting a will. This makes it extremely important that anyone seeking the services of a lawyer takes care to find someone with knowledge and experience in the specific field of law involved in their case.